Architecture and landscape of the North Caucasus. Historical and procedural study of settlement systems and reconstruction of anthropization of territory

Abstract

This work was presented at the School of Specialization inArchitectural and Landscape Heritage held at Politecnico diBari, Italy, with the guidance of Professor Matteo leva.The subject of the research is the historical process of spacedevelopment, the origin and evolution of forms of architectureand urban structure in the conditions of autochthonouscultures and stylistic influences, reflected in the architecturaland urban planning heritage in the North Caucasus, the farthestpart of south Russian territory. This heritage is represented byarchitectural and natural complexes that are integral part ofthe landscape of the mountainous regions and foothills.Mountains and hills divide the territory into many areas,which have their own distinctive features. Historically, this haspredetermined the diversity of habitats, the diversity of floraand fauna, and contributed to the formation of ethnic diversity.The culture of the North Caucasus populations is characterized bydiverse social communities and their sustainability of traditionsthat have received a peculiar expression in the organization ofthe architectural and spatial environment.